When a fire breaks out, every second counts. While most workplaces have fire alarms and extinguishers, many underestimate the importance of having a well-documented, approved fire evacuation scheme. In New Zealand, fire safety isn’t just a recommendation—it’s a regulatory requirement for many buildings. But what exactly is a fire evacuation scheme, and why is it essential?
This article walks through the key elements of fire evacuation schemes, who needs them, and how they improve workplace safety across New Zealand. Whether you’re a business owner, property manager, or part of a facilities team, understanding this system could save lives—and help you stay compliant with national fire safety laws.
What Is a Fire Evacuation Scheme?
A fire evacuation scheme is a formal plan that outlines how a building’s occupants should safely evacuate in the event of a fire or emergency. It includes designated escape routes, assembly points, methods of communication, and the roles of building occupants during an emergency.
In New Zealand, these schemes must be approved by Fire and Emergency New Zealand (FENZ) if the building meets certain risk criteria—such as housing more than 100 occupants or being used for overnight accommodation.
Why Are Fire Evacuation Schemes Legally Required?
Under the Fire and Emergency New Zealand Act 2017, certain buildings are required to have an approved evacuation scheme if they fall under specific risk categories. These include:
- Buildings where 100+ people gather (e.g., malls, stadiums)
- Accommodation facilities (e.g., hotels, motels, hostels)
- Hospitals and care homes
- Prisons and detention centers
- Educational institutions with boarding
The goal is to ensure that in the event of a fire, occupants can exit quickly and safely. It’s a life-safety measure backed by legislation—and non-compliance can lead to legal penalties.
Key Elements of an Effective Evacuation Scheme
Creating a compliant and effective scheme involves more than drawing a floor plan. Here are the core components:
1. Clear Evacuation Routes
Escape paths should be clearly marked and unobstructed. This includes illuminated exit signs and strategically placed directional signage throughout the building.
2. Assembly Areas
Identifying safe assembly areas is critical. These should be far enough from the building to avoid smoke or falling debris but accessible for headcounts.
3. Communication Protocols
During an emergency, instructions must be communicated clearly and quickly. Schemes should include plans for alarms, PA systems, and communication with emergency services.
4. Appointed Wardens
Building wardens play a central role. They’re trained to guide evacuations, check designated zones, and ensure no one is left behind.
5. Regular Drills and Training
Evacuation plans must be practiced. FENZ requires at least one trial evacuation every six months to ensure readiness and refine procedures.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
Even with good intentions, many businesses fall short. Here are some frequent oversights:
- Outdated plans: Schemes must be updated when a building’s layout or use changes.
- Lack of signage: In emergencies, people rely on signs—missing or unclear signs can lead to confusion.
- Untrained staff: A plan is only as good as the people executing it. Without regular training, even the best-written plan may fail.
- Improper documentation: FENZ requires documentation of trials, roles, and approval notices.
How to Get Your Scheme Approved in NZ
Developing a fire evacuation scheme and getting it approved involves a few steps:
- Assess the building: Determine if it meets FENZ’s criteria.
- Draft the scheme: Include evacuation procedures, maps, contact details, and risk assessments.
- Submit to FENZ: Use their online system to apply for scheme approval.
- Receive feedback: FENZ may request changes or clarifications.
- Trial and document: Run regular evacuation drills and submit reports as required.
Fire Safety Is an Ongoing Responsibility
Getting a fire evacuation scheme approved is not a “set and forget” task. It requires ongoing commitment—drills, updates, signage checks, and training. Ultimately, it’s about more than compliance; it’s about responsibility to your team, clients, and visitors.
In the event of a fire, chaos can unfold in moments. A clear, well-practiced evacuation plan ensures people know what to do and where to go—potentially saving lives.
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